送交者: Masquerade 于 February 01, 2008 06:05:13:
回答: 【科学 教育】Arctic Frontiers Tromso 2008, Science conference 由 Masquerade 于 January 31, 2008 19:34:39:
9:30, O. Langhelle, Arctic Oil and Gas: Sustainability at Risk?
Sustainable development has been placed as the core political objective for the Arctic by the Arctic states. But what does the concept of sustainable development entail and what dose it imply? And following from these questions: what are the implications of sustainable development for oil and gas activities in the Arctic? Is it possible to speak about 'sustainable' oil and gas exploration at all? What does it imply to 'frame' the Arctic from a sustainable development perspective?
This paper explores how oil and gas has been framed from a sustainable development perspective by the Arctic Council and its different Working Groups from it creation in 1996. In addition, the paper looks at different framing of oil and gas in different Arctic countries, by looking at the positions of Governments, Indigenous Peoples, oil and gas companies and NGOs.
The main framing of oil and gas in the Arctic is identified to be what can be called the "harmony thesis". It is possible to reconcile oil and gas activities and the concern for the environment, social, cultural and economic development. No hard choices need to be taken. The paper, however, discusses some of the contradictions which can be identified in the "harmony thesis", and differences between actors in the framing and balancing acts of sustainable development in oil and gas activities in the Arctic. These differences it is argued are ultimately related to different perceptions of what it is that is to be sustained, and whether sustainable development is being addressed from a local, national, regional or global level.